Principle

Spectra of X-rays from a copper anode are analyzed using
different monocrystals and the results plotted graphically. The
energies of the characteristic lines are then determined from the
positions of the glancing angles for the various orders of
diffraction.

Tasks


Record the intensity of the X-rays emitted by the copper anode
as a function of the Bragg angle using a LiF monocrystal as 
analyzer.

Step 1 is to be repeated using the KBr monocrystal as
analyzer.

Calculate the energy values of the characteristic copper lines
and compare them with the energy differences of the copper energy
terms.


What you can learn about


Bremsstrahlung

Characteristic radiation

Energy levels

Crystal structures

Lattice constant

Absorption

Absorption edges

Interference

Order of diffraction


Software included. Computer not provided.