Principle

Various metal samples are subjected to polychromatic X-rays. The
energy of the resulting fluorescence radiation is analysed with the
aid of a semiconductor detector and a multi channel analyser. The
energy of the corresponding characteristic X-ray lines is
determined and the resulting Moseley diagram is used to determine
the Rydberg frequency and the screening constants.

Tasks


Calibrate the semiconductor energy detector with the aid of the
characteristic radiation of the  tungsten X-ray
tube.

Record the spectra of the fluorescence radiation that are
generated by the metal samples.

Determine the energy values of the corresponding characteristic
K
α- and K
β-lines.

Determine the Rydberg frequency and screening constants with
the aid of the resulting Moseley diagrams.


What you can learn about


Bremsstrahlung

characteristic X-radiation

Absorption of X-rays

Bohr’s atom model

Energy levels

Moseley’s law

Rydberg frequency

Screening constant

Semiconductor energy detectors

Multichannel analysers